Thomas a



rrioinas'VV A. DAvIEs, or New YORK, N. v.

HYDRANT.

i Specification of Letters Patent No. 3,082, dated May 12, 1843.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. DAviEs, of the city, county,V and State lof New York, have invented a new andv Improved Hydrant; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same. j

The nature of my invention consists in combining the usual fixtures of a hydrant with a chamber, by which the water in the eduction pipe (after Y the induction valve is closed) is drawn back or falls back to a point below the influence of the post and thus remains till it is forced up Vagain to its iirst position, thereby avoiding the necessity as heretofore of emptying that water into the adjacent earth.'

By reference to the drawings, u, u, u, a, is an outside case of iron or Vother material clasping by the flanges F F as represented, a circular piece of leather L L, or other flexible substance, which leatheris perforated in the center admitting the tube T, T, with al collar C, @,above the leather, and a nut N, N, and screw below and by screwing up the nut against the collar the join-V ing is water tight. The tube T, T, extends down to the valve o 'u and up to the point of discharge as represented. The lower part of the tube is perforated with holes, as is represented in the cross section at Ain the points at 0, 0, 0, 0, which holes are made for the purpose of allowing the water after the valve is opened to escape by means of the eduction tube. The valve v o is a circula-r or other formed piece of metal or leather which is closed by means of the pressure of the water upward or against it and against the seat M, M, which may be of leather or metal. In the cross section at B the valve is horizontally'projected by the dotted line o', 2:', lv', c', leaving a space for the water to flow out between the valve and the outside case. v

I is the inlet for the water to run to the machine from the reservoir.

The bottom D, D, D, D, supports the knees 7c 7c and is either driven, screwed or in any other way secured to the case u, u, u, u, at the points represented at s, s, s, s. The tube T, T, is attached to the rod R to the Vhandle H by means vof a joint, which handle is loaded with a weight W suiiicient to overbalance the weight of the tube and rod.

Operation: We will suppose that the hydrant is new in operation as represented and the water flowing from the tube.

Those parts of the drawings colored bluef The represent the partsiilled with water. handlehaving been raised to .the vpresent position and the valve below being open the water is flowing in at the inlet between the knees under the valve, thenV around the edges of the valve into the space above it, and below the leather from thence into, the

holes in the bottom ofthe tube, `thence up j the tube and out at the point of discharge. p

Suppose you now let go the handle, the

weight WV, overbalancing the weight of the rod and tube, will cause them to raise, and

as the tube is not attached to the valve it will leave it, and the pressure ofthe water upward will close it. The leather now giv ing or springing will assume a position L, L, and the water in the discharge pipewill fall down and occupy the space shaded with red ink. Y Y

The chamber can beincreased in size at pleasure to admit all the water'which is contained in the tube.V The tube is now supposed emptied into the space L L, L L which is below the influence of the frost. N ow raise the handle H; this forces down the tube T, T, and consequently the center of the leather L L Vtill it assumes nearly.v

the position L L when the end of the tube reaches the valve c, fu, opens it, andV then all L L by the forcing down of the leather L L causes the water which had before fallen back into that space to be forced up again to its former position in the tube, before the bottom of the tube reaches the valve c, o.

By this contrivance it has been shown in what way a chamber can be made to increase in size so as to admit the water from the eductio-npipe below the influence of the frost and then by diminishing in size is made to ldischarge the water again into the eduction pipe without wasting it into the adjacent earth. i j

There are Vvarious modes which `I have used to produce this same result, one of and down in a cylinderC, C. When the,"

l. Making a Water chamber of variablecapacity in the lower part of the hydrant above or around the induction valve7 which chamber communicates With the induction and eduction pipes or other means of admitting or discharging the Water7 for the purpose of receilipgthe Water contained in the eductionpipe after the induction Valve has .been closed as herein described Whether 'Y the capacity of this chamber be changed by means o-a piston,v a flexible diskor any other means of effecting such an object.

2. I also claim vthe mode of letting up the Water through the eduction pipe', Which 0perates the induction Valve below, saving the expense of a separate rod forthat purpose.'

3. I also claim thecombination of the I eduction pipe T having a'steni for'opening -S/J the induction Valve Q1, With the flexible disk L by which the Water chamberfisenlarged, When the valve is closed, to permit the Water contained in the eduction pipe to'descend into it, and thus prevent lfreezing as 4'de-V scribed.

ATHOS. A. DAVIES. Witnesses: Y Y

H. N. GAMBLE, A. V. HAMMOND. f 

